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<title>TIFFCP</title>
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<h1 align="center">TIFFCP</h1>
<a href="#NAME">NAME</a><br>
<a href="#SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a><br>
<a href="#DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a><br>
<a href="#OPTIONS">OPTIONS</a><br>
<a href="#EXAMPLES">EXAMPLES</a><br>
<a href="#SEE ALSO">SEE ALSO</a><br>
<hr>
<h2>NAME
<a name="NAME"></a>
</h2>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">tiffcp −
copy (and possibly convert) a <small>TIFF</small> file</p>
<h2>SYNOPSIS
<a name="SYNOPSIS"></a>
</h2>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>tiffcp</b> [
<i>options</i> ] <i>src1.tif ... srcN.tif dst.tif</i></p>
<h2>DESCRIPTION
<a name="DESCRIPTION"></a>
</h2>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><i>tiffcp</i>
combines one or more files created according to the Tag
Image File Format, Revision 6.0 into a single
<small>TIFF</small> file. Because the output file may be
compressed using a different algorithm than the input files,
<i>tiffcp</i> is most often used to convert between
different compression schemes.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">By default,
<i>tiffcp</i> will copy all the understood tags in a
<small>TIFF</small> directory of an input file to the
associated directory in the output file.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><i>tiffcp</i>
can be used to reorganize the storage characteristics of
data in a file, but it is explicitly intended to not alter
or convert the image data content in any way.</p>
<h2>OPTIONS
<a name="OPTIONS"></a>
</h2>
<table width="100%" border="0" rules="none" frame="void"
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="3%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−a</b></p></td>
<td width="8%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em">Append to an existing output
file instead of overwriting it.</p></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>−b</b>
<i>image</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">subtract the following
monochrome image from all others processed. This can be used
to remove a noise bias from a set of images. This bias image
is typically an image of noise the camera saw with its
shutter closed.</p>
<table width="100%" border="0" rules="none" frame="void"
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="3%">
<p><b>−B</b></p></td>
<td width="8%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p>Force output to be written with Big-Endian byte order.
This option only has an effect when the output file is
created or overwritten and not when it is appended to.</p></td></tr>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="3%">
<p><b>−C</b></p></td>
<td width="8%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p>Suppress the use of ‘‘strip
chopping’’ when reading images that have a
single strip/tile of uncompressed data.</p></td></tr>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="3%">
<p><b>−c</b></p></td>
<td width="8%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p>Specify the compression to use for data written to the
output file: <b>none</b> for no compression, <b>packbits</b>
for PackBits compression, <b>lzw</b> for Lempel-Ziv &
Welch compression, <b>zip</b> for Deflate compression,
<b>lzma</b> for LZMA2 compression, <b>jpeg</b> for baseline
JPEG compression, <b>g3</b> for CCITT Group 3 (T.4)
compression, <b>g4</b> for CCITT Group 4 (T.6) compression,
or <b>sgilog</b> for SGILOG compression. By default
<i>tiffcp</i> will compress data according to the value of
the <i>Compression</i> tag found in the source file.</p></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="margin-left:22%; margin-top: 1em">The
<small>CCITT</small> Group 3 and Group 4 compression
algorithms can only be used with bilevel data.</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%; margin-top: 1em">Group 3
compression can be specified together with several
T.4-specific options: <b>1d</b> for 1-dimensional encoding,
<b>2d</b> for 2-dimensional encoding, and <b>fill</b> to
force each encoded scanline to be zero-filled so that the
terminating EOL code lies on a byte boundary. Group
3-specific options are specified by appending a
‘‘:’’-separated list to the
‘‘g3’’ option; e.g. <b>−c
g3:2d:fill</b> to get 2D-encoded data with byte-aligned EOL
codes.</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%; margin-top: 1em"><small>LZW,
Deflate</small> and <small>LZMA2</small> compression can be
specified together with a <i>predictor</i> value. A
predictor value of 2 causes each scanline of the output
image to undergo horizontal differencing before it is
encoded; a value of 1 forces each scanline to be encoded
without differencing. A value 3 is for floating point
predictor which you can use if the encoded data are in
floating point format. LZW-specific options are specified by
appending a ‘‘:’’-separated list to
the ‘‘lzw’’ option; e.g. <b>−c
lzw:2</b> for <small>LZW</small> compression with horizontal
differencing.</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%; margin-top: 1em"><small>Deflate</small>
and <small>LZMA2</small> encoders support various
compression levels (or encoder presets) set as character
‘‘p’’ and a preset number.
‘‘p1’’ is the fastest one with the
worst compression ratio and ‘‘p9’’
is the slowest but with the best possible ratio; e.g.
<b>−c zip:3:p9</b> for <small>Deflate</small> encoding
with maximum compression level and floating point
predictor.</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%; margin-top: 1em">For the
<small>Deflate</small> codec, and in a libtiff build with
libdeflate enabled, ‘‘p12‘‘ is
actually the maximum level.</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%; margin-top: 1em">For the
<small>Deflate</small> codec, and in a libtiff build with
libdeflate enabled, ‘‘s0‘‘ can be
used to require zlib to be used, and
‘‘s1‘‘ for libdeflate (defaults to
libdeflate when it is available).</p>
<table width="100%" border="0" rules="none" frame="void"
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="3%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−f</b></p></td>
<td width="8%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em">Specify the bit fill order to
use in writing output data. By default, <i>tiffcp</i> will
create a new file with the same fill order as the original.
Specifying <b>−f lsb2msb</b> will force data to be
written with the FillOrder tag set to
<small>LSB2MSB,</small> while <b>−f msb2lsb</b> will
force data to be written with the FillOrder tag set to
<small>MSB2LSB.</small></p> </td></tr>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="3%">
<p><b>−i</b></p></td>
<td width="8%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p>Ignore non-fatal read errors and continue processing of
the input file.</p></td></tr>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="3%">
<p><b>−l</b></p></td>
<td width="8%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p>Specify the length of a tile (in pixels). <i>tiffcp</i>
attempts to set the tile dimensions so that no more than 8
kilobytes of data appear in a tile.</p></td></tr>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="3%">
<p><b>−L</b></p></td>
<td width="8%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p>Force output to be written with Little-Endian byte
order. This option only has an effect when the output file
is created or overwritten and not when it is appended
to.</p> </td></tr>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="3%">
<p><b>−M</b></p></td>
<td width="8%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p>Suppress the use of memory-mapped files when reading
images.</p> </td></tr>
</table>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>−o</b>
<i>offset</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Set initial directory
offset.</p>
<table width="100%" border="0" rules="none" frame="void"
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="3%">
<p><b>−p</b></p></td>
<td width="8%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p>Specify the planar configuration to use in writing image
data that has one 8-bit sample per pixel. By default,
<i>tiffcp</i> will create a new file with the same planar
configuration as the original. Specifying <b>−p
contig</b> will force data to be written with multi-sample
data packed together, while <b>−p separate</b> will
force samples to be written in separate planes.</p></td></tr>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="3%">
<p><b>−r</b></p></td>
<td width="8%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p>Specify the number of rows (scanlines) in each strip of
data written to the output file. By default (or when value
<b>0</b> is specified), <i>tiffcp</i> attempts to set the
rows/strip that no more than 8 kilobytes of data appear in a
strip. If you specify special value <b>−1</b> it will
results in infinite number of the rows per strip. The entire
image will be the one strip in that case.</p></td></tr>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="3%">
<p><b>−s</b></p></td>
<td width="8%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p>Force the output file to be written with data organized
in strips (rather than tiles).</p></td></tr>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="3%">
<p><b>−t</b></p></td>
<td width="8%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p>Force the output file to be written with data organized
in tiles (rather than strips). options can be used to force
the resultant image to be written as strips or tiles of
data, respectively.</p></td></tr>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="3%">
<p><b>−w</b></p></td>
<td width="8%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p>Specify the width of a tile (in pixels). <i>tiffcp</i>
attempts to set the tile dimensions so that no more than 8
kilobytes of data appear in a tile. <i>tiffcp</i> attempts
to set the tile dimensions so that no more than 8 kilobytes
of data appear in a tile.</p></td></tr>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="3%">
<p><b>−x</b></p></td>
<td width="8%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p>Force the output file to be written with PAGENUMBER
value in sequence.</p></td></tr>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="3%">
<p><b>−8</b></p></td>
<td width="8%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p>Write BigTIFF instead of classic TIFF format.</p></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>−,=</b><i>character</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">substitute <i>character</i> for
‘,’ in parsing image directory indices in files.
This is necessary if filenames contain commas. Note that
<b>−,=</b> with whitespace immediately following will
disable the special meaning of the ‘,’ entirely.
See examples.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;"><b>−m</b> <i>size</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Set maximum memory allocation
size (in MiB). The default is 256MiB. Set to 0 to disable
the limit.</p>
<h2>EXAMPLES
<a name="EXAMPLES"></a>
</h2>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">The following
concatenates two files and writes the result using
<small>LZW</small> encoding:</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">tiffcp −c lzw a.tif b.tif
result.tif</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">To convert a G3
1d-encoded <small>TIFF</small> to a single strip of
G4-encoded data the following might be used:</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">tiffcp −c g4 −r
10000 g3.tif g4.tif</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;">(1000 is just a number that is
larger than the number of rows in the source file.)</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">To extract a
selected set of images from a multi-image TIFF file, the
file name may be immediately followed by a ‘,’
separated list of image directory indices. The first image
is always in directory 0. Thus, to copy the 1st and 3rd
images of image file ‘‘album.tif’’
to ‘‘result.tif’’:</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">tiffcp album.tif,0,2
result.tif</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">A trailing
comma denotes remaining images in sequence. The following
command will copy all image with except the first one:</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">tiffcp album.tif,1,
result.tif</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">Given file
‘‘CCD.tif’’ whose first image is a
noise bias followed by images which include that bias,
subtract the noise from all those images following it (while
decompressing) with the command:</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">tiffcp −c none −b
CCD.tif CCD.tif,1, result.tif</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">If the file
above were named ‘‘CCD,X.tif’’, the
<b>−,=</b> option would be required to correctly parse
this filename with image numbers, as follows:</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">tiffcp −c none −,=%
−b CCD,X.tif CCD,X%1%.tif result.tif</p>
<h2>SEE ALSO
<a name="SEE ALSO"></a>
</h2>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>pal2rgb</b>(1),
<b>tiffinfo</b>(1), <b>tiffcmp</b>(1), <b>tiffmedian</b>(1),
<b>tiffsplit</b>(1), <b>libtiff</b>(3TIFF)</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">Libtiff library
home page: <b>http://www.simplesystems.org/libtiff/</b></p>
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